SPIRITUAL COUNSELING APPROACHES IN RELIGIOUS POLICY FOR HANDLING ROHINGYA REFUGEES
Keywords:
Rohingya, Spiritual Counselling, RefugeesAbstract
This research aims to explore and analyze the application of the spiritual counseling approach in religious policies for handling Rohingya refugees.Rohingya refugees who have experienced trauma and psychological stress due to genocide and oppression in Myanmar need special assistance in recovering their mental health. A spiritual counseling approach, which integrates religious values in the counseling process, is considered effective for overcoming psychosocial problems faced by refugees. This study uses a literature study research method by collecting and analyzing various secondary sources such as books, journal articles, policy reports and official documents. The results of this research show that spiritual counseling can have a significant influence in recovering the mental health of Rohingya refugees by restoring their psychological function and strengthening their religious values. The implementation of spiritual counseling carried out by various institutions, such as UNHCR, IOM, and local religious organizations, hass hown a positive impact in reducing anxiety, depression and trauma experienced by refugees. In addition, the people of Aceh who have the same religious background as the Rohingya refugees provide strong support for this program. In conclusion, the spiritual counseling approach through religious policies is an effective strategy for psychosocial management of Rohingya refugees , especially in the context of mental health recovery. This research recommends increasing cooperation between governments, international organizations, and religious institutions to expand the reach and effectiveness of spiritual counseling programs for refugees.
References
Adhaniah, N., Heryadi, D., & Sari, D. S. (2021). The cooperation of UNHCR and Indonesia on Afghan refugee handling. Andalas Journal of International Studies (AJIS), 10(1), 51-65. https://doi.org/10.25077/ajis.10.1.51-65.2021
Al-Nuaimi, S. K., & Qoronfleh, M. W. (2022). Adaptation and innovation in spiritual-psycho-social support of displaced Muslim refugees. Pastoral Psychology, 71, 615–622. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11089-022-01025-z
Arroisi, J., & Kusuma, A. R. (2021). Menelaah problem terapi yoga perspektif Ibnu Taimiyah. Jurnal Penelitian Medan Agama, 12(2), 90-102. https://doi.org/10.58836/jpma.v12i2.11427
Awawina, A. S. (2022). Peta konsep keilmuwan bimbingan dan konseling Islam. Assertive: Islamic Counseling Journal, 1(1), 46–60. https://doi.org/10.24090/j.assertive.v1i1.6988
Corkery, A. (2006). The contribution of the UNHCR Executive Committee to the development of international refugee law. Australian International Law Journal, 13, 97–127. https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/INFORMIT.105873524303113
Demmrich, S., & Huber, S. (2019). Multidimensionality of spirituality: A qualitative study among secular individuals. Religions, 10(11), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel10110613
Drožđek, B. (2015). Challenges in treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder in refugees: Towards integration of evidence-based treatments with contextual and culture-sensitive perspectives. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 6, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v6.24750
Evans, A. L., & Nelson, J. K. (2021). The value of adapting counseling to client’s spirituality and religion: Evidence-based relationship factors. Religions, 12(11), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel12110951
Faisal, Hidayat, Rahman, D. A., & Kadir, M. Y. A. (2022). Konsultasi publik mengenai penyusunan Qanun tentang penanganan pengungsi dari luar negeri “urgensi raqan penanganan pengungsi dari luar negeri di Aceh.” Jurnal Solusi Masyarakat Dikara, 2(2), 103–110.
Anwar, M. F., Perjuangan, J., & Cirebon, P. S. (2019). Dakwah sebagai media konseling spiritual. Jurnal Dakwah dan Komunikasi, 10(1), 55–65.
Hossain, A. N. M. Z. (2023). Educational crisis of Rohingya refugee children in Bangladesh: Access, obstacles, and prospects to formal and non-formal education. Heliyon, 9(7), e18346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18346
CNN Indonesia. (2024). Update jumlah total pengungsi Rohingya dan sebaran penampungan di Aceh. CNN Indonesia. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20231213141254-20-1036757/update-jumlah-total-pengungsi-rohingya-dan-sebaran-penampungan-di-aceh
Irmansyah, I., Susanti, H., James, K., Lovell, K., Idaiani, S., Imah, S., Hargiana, G., Keliat, B. A., Utomo, B., Colucci, E., & Brooks, H. (2020). Civic engagement and mental health system strengthening: A qualitative examination of the views of health professionals and national key stakeholders. BMC Psychiatry, 20(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-02575-3
Islam, M. M., Rahman, M. M., & Khan, M. N. (2022). Barriers to male condom use in Rohingya refugee camps in Bangladesh: A qualitative study. The Lancet Regional Health - Southeast Asia, 2, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lansea.2022.04.004
Islam, M. T., Sikder, S. K., Charlesworth, M., & Rabbi, A. (2023). Spatial transition dynamics of urbanization and Rohingya refugees’ settlements in Bangladesh. Land Use Policy, 133(July), 106874. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2023.106874
Ismail, M., Hussain, M. F., Abdullah al Hasan, M., Kamal, A. M., Rahman, M., & Hasan, M. J. (2022). Health problems among Forcibly Displaced Myanmar Nationals (FDMNs) admitted to the Medicine ward of Cox’s Bazar Medical College Hospital. Journal of Migration and Health, 6(May), 100123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmh.2022.100123
Kuswardini, S., & Auliyah, A. U. (2021). Peran organisasi non-pemerintah (NGO) dalam menangani pencari suaka di Indonesia. Dauliyah: Journal of Islam and International Affairs, 6(1), 191–220. https://ejournal.unida.gontor.ac.id/index.php/dauliyah/article/download/5588/10422
Lizani, A., & Ubaidullah. (2022). Penanganan pengungsi Rohingya berdasarkan Peraturan Presiden No 125 Tahun 2016 oleh Pemerintah Kota Lhokseumawe pada tahun 2020. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa FISIP Unsyiah, 7(2), 1–13. https://jim.usk.ac.id/FISIP/article/view/20193
Ludji, I., & Lauterboom, M. (2015). Learning from the socio-religious integration in Solor Village Indonesia. Analisa, 22(1), 43–55. https://doi.org/10.18784/analisa.v22i1.145
Muftihah, N., Wicaksono, L., & Yuline. (2021). Pendekatan konseling spiritual untuk mengatasi bullying pada siswa MTS Bustanul Ulum Mempawah Timur. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran Khatulistiwa (JPPK), 10(10), 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/jppk.v10i10.50193
Arsyad, M., Juhaepa, S., Kasim, S. S., Rusli, & Patuju, L. O. M. (2021). Resolusi konflik: Sebuah perspektif sosiologi. Literacy Institute.
Muhammad, R. (2021). Teknik konseling Islami dan relevansinya pada proses konseling: Studi dalam Kitab Kimiya’ Al-Sa’adah karya Imam Al-Ghazali. Jurnal Madaniyah, 11(2), 219–234.
Mulyana, A. (2016). Kebijakan pemerintah dalam menghadapi Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN (MEA): Sebuah tinjauan HAM. Human Rights Review, 19, 59–88.
Muttaqin, M. A., Murtadho, A., & Umriana, A. (2017). Bimbingan konseling bagi perempuan korban kekerasan dalam rumah tangga di LRC-KJHAM Semarang. Sawwa: Jurnal Studi Gender, 11(2), 177–191. https://doi.org/10.21580/sa.v11i2.1454
Nasar, S., Raz, S., Parray, A. A., Hossain, M. R., Sultana, R., Nadim, A. S. M., Jabbar, A., Aktar, B., Rashid, S. F., & Rahman, M. S. (2022). An assessment of gender vulnerability in the humanitarian crisis in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh: Developing a gender-based vulnerability index in the Rohingya and host community contexts. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 81(January), 103246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2022.103246
Paige, M. (2015). Competencies in trauma counseling: A qualitative investigation of the knowledge, skills and attitudes required of trauma-competent counselors (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from Dissertation Abstracts International.
Paratiwi, A., & Farasagitaputri, A. (2021). Konseling religius: Kepustakaan. International Virtual Conference on Islamic Guidance and Counseling, 1(1), 149–158. https://doi.org/10.18326/iciegc.v1i1.60
Pires, M., Wright, B., Kaye, P. M., da Conceição, V., & Churchill, R. C. (2019). The impact of leishmaniasis on mental health and psychosocial well-being: A systematic review. PLoS ONE, 14(10), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223313
Riley, A., Akther, Y., Noor, M., Ali, R., & Welton-Mitchell, C. (2020). Systematic human rights violations, traumatic events, daily stressors and mental health of Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh. Conflict and Health, 14(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13031-020-00306-9
Riley, A., Varner, A., Ventevogel, P., Hasan, M. M. T., & Welton-Mitchell, C. (2017). Daily stressors, trauma exposure, and mental health among stateless Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh. Transcultural Psychiatry, 54(3), 304–331. https://doi.org/10.1177/1363461517705571
Robbins, L. (2020). The Rohingya case in Aceh: Indonesia’s role as a destination for refugees. Towson University Journal of International Affairs, 53(2), 1–15. https://cpb-us-w2.wpmucdn.com/wp.towson.edu/dist/b/55/files/2018/04/S20.Robbins.pdf
Silove, D., Ventevogel, P., & Rees, S. (2017). The contemporary refugee crisis: An overview of mental health challenges. World Psychiatry, 16(2), 130–139. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20438
Siregar, N. M., & Lubis, A. (2019). Komunikasi antarbudaya etnis Rohingya dalam upaya eksistensi diri di pengungsian Kota Medan. Persepsi: Communication Journal, 2(2), 70–86. https://doi.org/10.30596/persepsi.v2i2.3951
Supardin, U. (2019). Konsep bimbingan dan konseling spiritual: Kerangka kerja untuk guru bimbingan dan konseling. Jurnal Penelitian dan Bimbingan Konseling, 4(1), 51–66. https://doi.org/10.30598/jbkt.v4i1.388
Ula, S. (2017). Peran aktor non-negara dalam hubungan internasional: Studi kasus Human Rights Watch dalam krisis kemanusiaan di Myanmar. Journal of International Relations, 3(3), 19–28.
Tambunan, A. W. (2019). Kerja sama UNHCR dan IOM dalam menangani pencari suaka dan pengungsi etnis Rohingya di Indonesia. Journal of International Relations, 5, 341–350.
Tay, A. K., Miah, M. A., Khan, S., Badrudduza, M., Alam, R., Balasundaram, S., Rees, S., Morgan, K., & Silove, D. (2019). Implementing Integrative Adapt Therapy with Rohingya refugees in Malaysia: A training-implementation model involving lay counsellors. Intervention, 17(2), 267–277. https://doi.org/10.4103/INTV.INTV_45_19
Utami, P. (2017). Upaya pemerintah Indonesia dalam mengatasi human trafficking di Batam. E-Journal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional, 5(4), 1257–1272.
Zamroni, E. (2019). Konseling berbasis kerafian lokal Indonesia sebagai upaya penguatan karakter kebangsaan. Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Terapan, 3(2), 95–106. https://doi.org/10.30598/jbkt.v3i2.388
Zatrahadi, M. F., Firman, F., & Ahmad, R. (2021). Pengembangan konseling spiritual pada masa rehabilitasi untuk pecandu narkoba. Psikobuletin: Buletin Ilmiah Psikologi, 2(3), 233–246. https://doi.org/10.24014/pib.v2i3.15302
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Religious Policy
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Journal of Religious Policy by the Office of Religious Research and Development Jakarta, Research and Development Agency, Religious Education and Training, Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
